Brick-kiln



j UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID LAEMMLE, or FORT WAYNE, INDIANA.

BRICK-*KILN.

QPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 400,575, dated April 2, 1889. Application filed November 24:, 1886. Serial No. 219,839; (No model.) Patented in Canada October 22, 1884, No. 20,408;

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DAVID LAEMMLE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Fort Wayne, county 'of Allen, and State of Indiana, have invented a new and useful Base-Draft Kiln, of which the following is a specification. I

My invention relates to improvements in base-draft kilns for burning articles made of clay orother earths, in-particular to the construction of inside wall combustion-chambers and inlet from furnaces to the kiln-chamber, and has for its objects, generally stated, economy of time and fuel and evenness of burn in g, and among other things specifically to provide a cheap and durable perforated floor and grates for wood asfuel, and to bring the heating medium into contact with the material to be burned from the floor upward around the entire kiln-chamber next the wall direct from the furnaces without the intervention of inlet-fines.v I attain such objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figures 1, II, and III are horizontal onethird sections, Fig. I just above the grates, Fig. II at the upper surface of the kiln-floor, and Fig. III just above the first row of projections 2 2, part of the perforated floor being removed in Fig. II.

Similar letters and figures refer to similar parts in all Views.

brick laid edgewise in rows, with the ends of consecutive brick in each row separated to make openings 0 c sufficient for draft and passage'of ashes, the rows of brick being so laid that the openings 0 in any row are opposite the center of the brick in the adjacent row on either side. The lateral thrust of the grates is sustained by the side walls of the furnaces. The perforated part of the fioor of the kiln-chamber consists of rows of brick laid edgewise, having spaces D D about two inches wide between the ends of consecutive brick for the escape of combustion products from the kiln-chamber into the series of outlet-flues in the base connecting with the chimneys. The spaces D D are opposite the brick in the adjacent row on either side, and the rows of brick are crowded together laterally to prevent displacement. V

At the inner end of each furnace is a combustion ch'amber, A, which opens into the kiln= V chamber at or near the level of the floor just inside the inner face of the kiln-wall, These combustion-chambers encircle the kiln and are separated only by narrow septa or dividing-walls l 1, which may be of the height of the lower orupper surface of the kiln-floor, as desired. The main base-flue shortens somewhat the adjacent combustion -chambers. The furnaces are equidistant and the septa 1 1 midwaybetween them. The combustion= chambers A A may vary in width within reasonable limits, one foot being sufficient for average kilns; but they must be narrowed at the top to the proper width for inlets B, which admit the products of combustion to the kiln chamber. Inlets B vary in width according to the size of the kiln, about five inches being a good working width for a kiln twelve to fourteen feet in diameter.

Around the inner face of the kiln-wall are lugs or projections 2 2, built into the wall, and extending therefrom into the kiln-chamber not less distance than the width of inlets B, to serve as rests or supports to hold the material to be burned away from the wall, thus leaving an open space, when the kiln is filled for burning, next the wall as wide, at least, as the inlets B. The number and relative distance apart of the supports 2 2 will vary as the size of the articles to be burned, being sufficiently numerous to hold the ware away from the kiln-wall, and the lugs are separated both horizontally and vertically by spaces sufficiently wide, at least, to permit the passage of 9 the Wall would support itself at such distance. lhe only object of the supports is to keep the material away from the kiln-Wall. The space to be left between the kiln-wall and material to be burned may be greater, if desired, than the width of inlets B, but not less, so that the material would come vertically over B. The supports 2 2 should be of the clay well burned. A good quality of fire-brick set endwise into the face of the wall, with edges vertical, answers for the average-sized kiln.

Around next the inlets B one or more courses of brick in the floor are laid tight, so that all the perforations of the floor are removed the length of a brick or more from the inlets B.

I do not claim perforated floor or grates,

nor the introduction of the heating medium at the floor-level without fines; but

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1. In a kiln, lugs or supports separated on all sides by intervening spaces projecting into the kilnehamber from the face of the inside wall sufiiciently near one another to prevent the material to be fired from falling against- DAVID LAEMMLE.

Attest:

S. A. VELVICH, S. R. ALDEN. 

